Seeing pink in the sink after brushing is common, and it’s usually an early warning from your gums rather than something serious. The good news is that the most common cause, gingivitis, can usually be reversed within 2 weeks with better daily care.
Why do gums bleed?
- Gingivitis: plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up along the gumline and inflames the gums. Inflamed gums are red, puffy and bleed easily. This is by far the most common cause.
- Brushing too hard or using a hard-bristled brush
- Starting to floss, which can cause light bleeding for the first week or so
- Pregnancy, when hormone changes make gums more sensitive
- Medicines such as blood thinners and aspirin
- Smoking, which damages gums and also hides the bleeding, so gum disease can go unnoticed
- Less often: vitamin C or vitamin K deficiency, diabetes, or a blood disorder
What to do at home
- Brush twice a day for 2 minutes with a soft-bristled brush, angled at 45 degrees towards the gumline. Gentle circles work better than scrubbing.
- Use a fluoride toothpaste. Toothpastes made for gum care, such as Himalaya Gum Care toothpaste or Himalaya Complete Care, are fine to use as long as you keep brushing well.
- Clean between your teeth once a day with floss or small interdental brushes. Keep going even if your gums bleed at first. The bleeding usually stops within 1 to 2 weeks as the gums heal.
- Try an antiseptic mouthwash with cetylpyridinium chloride or essential oils for a few weeks. Rinse with warm salt water if your gums feel sore.
- Stop smoking, which is one of the biggest risk factors for gum disease.
- Eat well, with plenty of fruit and vegetables for vitamin C, and cut back on sugary snacks and drinks.
When it becomes gum disease
If gingivitis isn’t treated, it can progress to periodontitis. The gums pull away from the teeth, pockets form, and the bone holding the teeth in place is slowly lost. This can’t be reversed at home and can eventually loosen teeth. Nearly half of US adults over 30 have some periodontitis, often without knowing.
When to see a dentist
- Your gums still bleed after 2 weeks of good brushing and flossing
- Your gums are receding, or your teeth look longer or feel loose
- You have bad breath or a bad taste that won’t go away
- You see pus, or have swelling or pain in the gums
- You’re pregnant or have diabetes, as gum problems need closer attention
See a doctor promptly if your gums bleed without brushing, or you also bruise easily, have nosebleeds, or feel unusually tired, as this can point to a blood or clotting problem.
Frequently asked questions
Should I stop flossing if my gums bleed?
No. Light bleeding when you start flossing is common and usually stops within 1 to 2 weeks as the gums get healthier.
Can bleeding gums heal on their own?
Gingivitis can reverse in about 2 weeks with good brushing and daily flossing, but it won’t improve without that daily care.
How often should I see a dentist?
Most people should have a check-up and professional cleaning every 6 to 12 months.
This article is for general information only and isn’t a substitute for advice from a dentist, doctor or pharmacist.
