Hangover: what actually helps, what’s a myth and when to worry

By the Medsmingle Team · Updated 13 November 2026

A hangover is your body recovering from alcohol: dehydration, poor sleep, irritated stomach lining and the effects of breaking alcohol down. There’s no proven cure. Avoiding alcohol is the most reliable prevention; drinking less can reduce risk, but some steps can make the next day easier.

Before and while drinking

  • Eat a proper meal before you drink
  • Alternate each alcoholic drink with a glass of water
  • Alcohol clearance varies between people; do not use a drinks-per-hour rule to judge whether you are safe to drive
  • Darker drinks such as whiskey and red wine contain more congeners and may cause worse hangovers than clear drinks

The morning after: what helps

  • Fluids: water, oral rehydration drinks or broth
  • Bland food: toast, crackers, bananas or eggs to settle the stomach and raise blood sugar
  • Sleep, if you can
  • Pain relief: ibuprofen or aspirin can help a headache, but may irritate the stomach. Avoid acetaminophen (Tylenol) after heavy drinking, because the combination can harm the liver.

Myths

  • “Hair of the dog”: more alcohol only delays the hangover.
  • Coffee cures it: it may make you feel more awake but does not sober you up or speed recovery.
  • Greasy breakfast: food helps, but there’s nothing special about grease.

Do hangover supplements work?

Many products are sold to “prevent” hangovers, from vitamins to herbal blends such as Himalaya Party Smart. Research on hangover supplements is limited and mostly low quality, and none protects your liver or makes it safe to drink more. If you try one, don’t use it as a reason to drink beyond safe limits. See our guide on supporting your liver.

Signs of alcohol poisoning: call 911

  • Confusion, or can’t be woken
  • Vomiting while not fully awake
  • Slow or irregular breathing, or seizures
  • Pale, bluish or cold, clammy skin
  • Low body temperature

Never leave someone to “sleep it off” if they show these signs. Stay with them and follow the emergency dispatcher’s instructions; place an unconscious person who is breathing on their side. Do not give them food, drink or a cold shower.

When to talk to a doctor

If you often have hangovers, drink to cope, or find it hard to cut down, talk to a doctor. A healthcare professional can help you find alcohol-treatment support.

Frequently asked questions

How long does a hangover last?

Usually up to 24 hours. It can last longer after heavy drinking.

Why do hangovers get worse with age?

Changes in body water, liver processing and sleep may make recovery slower as you get older.

Can I take Tylenol for a hangover?

It’s best avoided after heavy drinking, because alcohol and acetaminophen together can damage the liver. Ibuprofen and aspirin can also cause stomach irritation or bleeding. Ask a pharmacist before using a pain reliever, especially if you are dehydrated or have kidney disease, ulcers or take blood thinners.

More in our Everyday Health guide: all our articles and products on this topic in one place.

For questions about a prescription or symptoms, speak with your own doctor or pharmacist. For website enquiries, contact our team.

About Medsmingle

Medsmingle (medsmingle.com) shares clear, plain-English information on medicines and everyday health. Explore more health guides and the latest articles, read about us, or contact our team with a question.

This article is for general information only and isn’t a substitute for advice from a doctor or pharmacist. Supplements are not evaluated by the FDA to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Sources

NIAAA: hangovers; alcohol overdose warning signs.

Dry cough vs wet cough: what’s the difference and what helps

By the Medsmingle Team · Updated 13 November 2026

Most coughs come with colds and get better on their own, but they can hang around for 3 to 4 weeks. Knowing whether yours is dry or wet helps you choose what will actually help.

Dry cough

A dry cough is tickly and doesn’t bring up mucus. Common causes include the tail end of a cold, allergies, asthma, acid reflux, dry air and some blood pressure medicines (ACE inhibitors).

What helps:

  • Honey, a teaspoon on its own or in warm water (not for babies under 1)
  • Lozenges for adults to keep the throat moist (choking risk for young children)
  • Rest and avoid smoke and other airway irritants.
  • Over-the-counter cough suppressants with dextromethorphan, for adults, especially at night

Wet (chesty) cough

A wet cough brings up mucus (phlegm). It’s your body clearing the airways, so you don’t usually want to stop it completely. Causes include colds, flu, bronchitis and sometimes pneumonia.

What helps:

  • Plenty of fluids to thin the mucus
  • Avoid leaning over bowls of hot water: steam inhalation can cause serious burns.
  • Expectorants with guaifenesin (Mucinex), which loosen mucus
  • Adults may find a comfortable, slightly raised sleeping position helpful. Never add pillows or incline a baby’s sleep surface.

Cough medicines and children

The FDA advises against over-the-counter cough and cold medicines for children under 2, and many doctors avoid them under age 6. Honey may soothe a cough in children over 1; never give honey to an infant under 1. Always read the label for age limits.

How long should a cough last?

A cough after a cold commonly lasts 3 to 4 weeks. A cough lasting more than 8 weeks in adults (4 weeks in children) is called chronic and should be checked by a doctor.

See a doctor if you have

  • A cough lasting more than 3 weeks
  • Shortness of breath, wheezing or chest pain
  • Coughing up blood, or thick green or rust-colored mucus with fever
  • A high fever, or you feel very unwell
  • Night sweats or unexplained weight loss

Get emergency help for severe trouble breathing, blue lips, or a child who is struggling to breathe or making a whooping sound.

Frequently asked questions

Can a dry cough turn into a wet cough?

Yes, and the other way round. Many colds start with a dry, tickly cough that becomes chesty, then dry again as you recover.

Should I take a cough suppressant for a wet cough?

Usually not during the day, because coughing clears mucus. Ask a pharmacist whether any medicine is appropriate; cough medicines have limited benefits and can interact with other treatments.

Does honey really help a cough?

Yes. Studies in children over 1 show honey can ease nighttime coughing as well as some cough medicines.

More in our Everyday Health guide: all our articles and products on this topic in one place.

For questions about a prescription or symptoms, speak with your own doctor or pharmacist. For website enquiries, contact our team.

About Medsmingle

Medsmingle (medsmingle.com) shares clear, plain-English information on medicines and everyday health. Explore more health guides and the latest articles, read about us, or contact our team with a question.

This article is for general information only and isn’t a substitute for advice from a doctor or pharmacist.

Sources

NHS: cough; NHS burns specialists: steam-inhalation risks.

Baby bath and skin care: a simple guide for new parents

By the Medsmingle Team · Updated 13 November 2026

Newborn skin is thin and delicate, and it doesn’t need much. A few gentle habits keep it clean and comfortable, and most baby rashes and spots clear on their own.

How often to bathe your baby

  • Newborns: sponge baths until the umbilical cord stump falls off, usually in 1 to 2 weeks.
  • After that: 2 to 3 baths a week is enough for the first year. Daily baths can dry the skin.
  • Clean the face, neck folds and diaper area every day.

Bath time, step by step

  1. Gather everything first: towel, clean diaper, clothes, washcloth, soap and shampoo. Never leave your baby alone in the bath, even for a moment.
  2. Fill the tub with 2 to 3 inches of warm water, about 100°F (38°C). Test it with your wrist or elbow.
  3. Wash the face with plain water, wiping each eye from the inside corner out.
  4. Use a small amount of mild, fragrance-free or gentle baby soap, only on dirty areas.
  5. Wash hair once or twice a week with a tear-free baby shampoo.
  6. Keep baths short, 5 to 10 minutes, then pat dry, paying attention to skin folds.

Moisturizing

If your baby’s skin is dry, apply a fragrance-free moisturizing cream or ointment right after the bath. Ask your pediatrician about a suitable routine if your baby has eczema.

Common baby skin problems

  • Cradle cap: greasy, yellow scales on the scalp. Wash with baby shampoo and gently loosen scales with a soft brush. It usually clears by itself.
  • Baby acne: small red or white bumps on the face in the first weeks. No treatment needed; don’t squeeze.
  • Heat rash: tiny red bumps where baby is too warm. Dress in lighter layers.
  • Eczema: dry, itchy, red patches. Moisturize often and ask your pediatrician.
  • Diaper rash: change wet diapers promptly and ask a pediatrician about persistent irritation.

Sun protection

Keep babies under 6 months out of direct sun and use shade, hats and light clothing. Sunscreen is generally recommended from 6 months.

When to see a doctor

  • Seek urgent medical help for fever in a baby under 3 months, or a rash that does not fade under pressure. A very unwell baby needs emergency assessment.
  • Blisters, pus, crusting or skin that looks infected
  • Yellow skin or eyes (jaundice)
  • A rash that keeps your baby from sleeping or feeding

Frequently asked questions

Can I use adult soap on my baby?

It’s best not to. Adult soaps and fragranced products can dry and irritate baby skin.

Should I put oil on my baby’s skin?

Plain oils aren’t usually needed, and some, like olive oil, may dry the skin barrier. A fragrance-free cream or ointment is a better choice for dry skin.

When can I use shampoo on my baby?

You can use a small amount of mild, tear-free baby shampoo once or twice a week from birth.

More in our Everyday Health guide: all our articles and products on this topic in one place.

For questions about a prescription or symptoms, speak with your own doctor or pharmacist. For website enquiries, contact our team.

About Medsmingle

Medsmingle (medsmingle.com) shares clear, plain-English information on medicines and everyday health. Explore more health guides and the latest articles, read about us, or contact our team with a question.

This article is for general information only and isn’t a substitute for advice from a doctor or pharmacist.

Sources

American Academy of Pediatrics: bathing your baby; bathroom safety.

Cyclobenzaprine: short-term muscle relaxant, side effects and safety

This is a prescription medicine. Only take it if it has been prescribed for you after a medical assessment, and follow your doctor’s and pharmacist’s instructions.

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril, Amrix) is a muscle relaxant used alongside rest and physical therapy for short-term muscle spasm from strains and sprains.

Short-term use only

It’s meant for 2 to 3 weeks; there’s little evidence it helps beyond that. The schedule depends on whether you receive immediate-release tablets or extended-release capsules. Follow the prescription for your specific formulation.

Side effects

  • Drowsiness, dizziness: don’t drive until you know how it affects you
  • Dry mouth
  • Constipation
  • Confusion, especially in older adults (often avoided over 65)

Who should avoid it

  • Recent heart attack, heart rhythm problems, heart failure, overactive thyroid
  • Tell the prescriber about glaucoma or difficulty urinating; these conditions need particular caution.
  • Taking MAO inhibitors now or within the past 14 days

Interactions

  • Alcohol, opioids, sleeping pills
  • SSRIs, SNRIs, tramadol, bupropion (serotonin syndrome risk)

Frequently asked questions

Is cyclobenzaprine addictive?

It isn’t a controlled substance, but it’s sedating and should be used short-term.

    Ask a pharmacist

    Questions about a product, dosage or delivery? Leave your details and our team will get back to you within 1 business day.

    General information only. It isn’t a substitute for advice from your doctor or pharmacist.

    Source and further reading

    MedlinePlus patient medicine information. This overview does not list every warning or interaction; read the leaflet supplied with your medicine.

    Gabapentin: nerve pain, side effects and misuse risk

    This is a prescription medicine. Only take it if it has been prescribed for you after a medical assessment, and follow your doctor’s and pharmacist’s instructions.

    Gabapentin (Neurontin) is used for nerve pain after shingles (postherpetic neuralgia) and for some types of seizures. It’s also often used off-label for other nerve pain.

    How it’s taken

    The dose starts low and is increased over days to weeks to limit side effects, usually split into 3 doses a day. Lower doses are needed with kidney problems.

    Side effects

    • Dizziness and drowsiness
    • Unsteadiness, falls in older adults
    • Swelling of hands and feet
    • Blurred vision
    • Weight gain

    Serious warnings

    • Breathing problems when combined with opioids, sedatives or alcohol, or in people with lung disease
    • Mood changes or suicidal thoughts: seek urgent medical help; use emergency services if there is immediate danger
    • Can be misused; tell your doctor about any history of substance use
    • Rare severe allergic reactions

    Stopping

    Don’t stop suddenly, especially if used for seizures; your doctor will taper over at least a week.

    Frequently asked questions

    Is gabapentin a painkiller?

    It calms overactive nerves rather than acting like typical pain relievers.

      Ask a pharmacist

      Questions about a product, dosage or delivery? Leave your details and our team will get back to you within 1 business day.

      General information only. It isn’t a substitute for advice from your doctor or pharmacist.

      Source and further reading

      MedlinePlus patient medicine information. This overview does not list every warning or interaction; read the leaflet supplied with your medicine.

      Add to cart